A Physiologically Based Toxicokinetic Model for Dermal Absorption of Organic Chemicals by Fish
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model of organophosphate dermal absorption.
The rate and extent of dermal absorption are important in the analysis of risk from dermal exposure to toxic chemicals and for the development of topically applied drugs, barriers, insect repellents, and cosmetics. In vitro flow-through cells offer a convenient method for the study of dermal absorption that is relevant to the initial processes of dermal absorption. This study describes a physio...
متن کاملDEVELOPMENT OF A PHYSIOLOGICALLY BASED TOXICOKINETIC MODEL FOR HUMAN EXPOSURE RISK ASSESSMENT OF METHYLENE DIPHENYL DIISOCYANATE(MDI)
Introduction: Given the lack of a developed physiologically based toxicokinetic (PBTK) model for human systemic exposure assessment of methylene diisocyanate (MDI) and prediction of its urinary metabolites, this study aims to develop a PBTK model for exposure risk assessment of MDI. Methods and Materials: In this study, to assess the potential exposure to the MDI, a PBTK model was constructed ...
متن کاملPredicting Concentrations of Organic Chemicals in Fish by Using Toxicokinetic Models
Quantification of chemical toxicity continues to be generally based on measured external concentrations. Yet, internal chemical concentrations have been suggested to be a more suitable parameter. To better understand the relationship between the external and internal concentrations of chemicals in fish, and to quantify internal concentrations, we compared three toxicokinetic (TK) models with ea...
متن کاملA physiologically based toxicokinetic model for dietary uptake of hydrophobic organic compounds by fish: I. Feeding studies with 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl.
A physiologically based toxicokinetic (PBTK) model was developed to describe dietary uptake of hydrophobic organic compounds by fish. The gastrointestinal (GI) tract was modeled using four compartments corresponding to the stomach, pyloric ceca, upper intestine, and lower intestine, and the lumenal volume of each compartment was allowed to change in time as a function of bulk flow down the GI t...
متن کاملPhysiologically Based Toxicokinetic (PBTK) Modeling in Ecotoxicology
Physiologically based toxicokinetic [(PBTK), or alternatively referred to as physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK)] models are quantitative descriptions of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of chemicals in biota. PBTK models are increasingly being used as an effective tool for designing toxicology experiments and for conducting extrapolations essential for risk assessme...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Fundamental and Applied Toxicology
سال: 1996
ISSN: 0272-0590
DOI: 10.1006/faat.1996.0095